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“春雨惊春清谷天，夏满芒夏暑相连，
秋处露秋寒霜降，冬雪雪冬小大寒。
上半年是六、二一，下半年是八、二三。”
还记得这首小时候学的古诗么？今天立夏，就跟大家分享一下“24节气”的英文表达和来源。
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1—起源
按照中国农历的纪年法，每个月都有两个节气，一年共有24个节气。节气是中国农历特有的。古人在长期的生产劳动中，逐渐认识了气候变化的规律，他们根据太阳和地球的相互关系，把一年的天数分成24等分，用来表示季节和气候的变化。
二十四节气在公历中的日期几乎是固定的，上半年（1月-6月）的节气都在每个月的6日和21日前后; 下半年（7月一12月）的节气都在每个月的8日和23日前后。
2—The 24 Solar Terms（英文表达）
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1）立春 Beginning of Spring 3) 惊蛰 Waking of Insects 5）清明 Pure Brightness 7）立夏 Beginning of Summer 9）芒种 Grain in Ear 11）小暑 Slight Heat 13）立秋 Beginning of Autumn 15）白露 White Dew 17）寒露 Cold Dew 19）立冬 Beginning of Winter 21）大雪 Great Snow 23）小寒 Slight Cold |
2）雨水 Rain Water 4）春分 Vernal Equinox 6）谷雨 Grain Rain 8）小满 Grain Budding 10）夏至 Summer Solstice 12）大暑 Great Heat 14）处暑 Limit of Heat 16）秋分 Autumnal Equinox 18）霜降 Frost's Descent 20）小雪 Slight Snow 22）冬至 Winter Solstice 24）大寒 Great Cold |
3—各节气含义
1）立春、立夏、立秋、立冬表示四季的开始。春分、秋分是一年中昼夜一样长的两天。夏至是一年中白天最长、黑夜最短的一天。冬至是一年中白天最短、黑夜最长的一天。
The Beginning of Spring, Beginning of Summer, Beginning of Autumn and Beginning of Winter mark the start of four seasons. The Vernal Equinox and the Autumnal Equinox are the two points where the day and night are equal. The period of daylight is the longest at "summer solstice" and the shortest at "winter solstice"（northern hemisphere）.
2）雨水是开始下雨的意思。
The Rain Water means the start of the spring rains.
3）惊蛰表示春雷响过以后，冬眠的昆虫被惊醒了。
The Waking of Insects indicates that the spring thunder awakens hibernating insects.
4）清明是说春天到了以后，明净的春色代替了冬季寒冷枯黄的景色。
The Pure Brightness means the onset of spring when a bright and clean spring scene replaces the cold，withered and yellow scene in winter.
5）谷雨表示从此雨水增多，对五谷的生长很有好处。
The Grain Rain indicates that from that day, there will be more rainfall, which is beneficial to the growth of crops.
6）小满表示在夏季成熟的农作物籽粒开始饱满了。
The Grain Budding shows that crops that will ripen in summer start to show plump seeds.
7）芒种告诉人们小麦已经成熟了。
The Grain in Ear tells people that the wheat has ripened.
8）小暑、大暑表示天气炎热的程度，大暑是一年中最热的时候。
The Slight Heat and Great Heat indicate the full onset of summer, with the Great Heat being the hottest day of the year.
9）处暑表示炎热的天气快要过去了。
The Limit of Heat shows that scorching summer days will soon be gone.
10）白露告诉人们开始下露水，天气就要冷了。
The White Dew tells people that dew appears in the morning to show that the weather is turning cold.
11）霜降是开始下霜的意思。
The Frost's Descent means the appearance of the first frost of the season.
12）小雪、大雪表示到了下雪的时节和雪量大小的差别。
The Slight Snow and Great Snow mean the arrival of the snowy season.
13）小寒、大寒表示冬天寒冷的程度，大寒是一年中最冷的时候。
The Slight Cold and Great Cold indicate the degree of coldness in winter, with the Great Cold being the coldest day of the season.
